Reward Prediction Error: mechanisms, scope and boundary conditions
A person expects a small reward and receives a larger one. Another expects the larger reward and receives exactly that. The outcomes can feel equally…
Research-led explanations of human capacity, learning and technological change. Start with the foundations, then follow the evidence and related ideas as the Learning Hub grows.
A person expects a small reward and receives a larger one. Another expects the larger reward and receives exactly that. The outcomes can feel equally…
Robert A. Bjork’s research helped make a counterintuitive distinction central to learning science: the conditions that make practice feel successful are not always the conditions that produce the most durable learning. His work on desirable difficulties, retrieval, forgetting and metamemory is powerful precisely when its boundaries are kept intact.
How synchronized vision and touch can alter body ownership, what subjective ownership and proprioceptive drift do and do not measure, and why the paradigm still matters for neuroscience and human-technology design
A therapist offers an interpretation that a patient experiences as dismissive. The patient stops asking questions and agrees with every suggestion, but…